Also known as 33s, these could hold about 60 minutes of music, which means that an entire album could be listened to without switching discs. Vinyl LP or long-playing records came along in 1948. These discs were also more rigid, so dropping them often resulted in a shattered disc. The material was also heavier, with high mineral content that made surface noise when the styli played the record. Shellac also resists moisture, so this new record type was straightforward to store. This new material can easily be scratched, which means that cutting the grooves to create music was simple. The resin is combined with alcohol, which dissolves it, and is reformed into shellac.
This material is created with a natural resin that the female lac bugs leave behind on trees. These first records were made out of shellac. This limited the number of songs that could be recorded per side to one or two. Since 78s were typically 10- to 12-inch records, they only had the ability to record about three to five minutes of music per side. In 1910, 78 RPM started to be considered the standard speed for phonograph records. At first, the size and the speed of the discs had quite a bit of range.
These records were the next generation of the cylindrical records that Thomas Edison used to first record his voice. Stepping back to 1890, Emile Berliner created a gramophone that could record and play music on flat discs. RPM means revolutions per minute during playback and tells you how fast the record spins.ħ8s are the original record, but what makes them so different from the 33 or 45 RPM vinyl records? Let’s take a closer look at the history of these disc records and how they were used to create most sound recordings. Throughout history, there were once only 78s, aka 78 RPM records, but now we more commonly see 33s and 45s. As record collectors, we know 78 RPM discs are different than others.
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